This chapter deals with bearing false witness (e.g. is a system of justice/court); Sabbath rules; the institution of three national festivals; God’s promise to bring them into the Promised Land and the prohibition against idolatry.
This chapter deals with property rights: the right of the owner to be recompensed, the punishment to the thief and a deterrent against stealing.
It is very important to understand how the New Testament writers quoted the Old, because sometimes there is confusion in HOW the quote is being used and worse than that, there might be an error in the New Testament.
This section deals with personal liability – liability for harm caused to the unborn, for injury to a slave, injuries caused by animals and negligence.
As the people began to withdraw from the awesome display of God’s presence, Moses drew near to the thick cloud on Mount Sinai; and God continued giving him His laws. In this section God deals with laws governing slavery, the death penalty and personal injury.
As the people are at the base of Mount Sinai, God begins to speak to them His covenantal laws. It is here that we have what is called the Ten Commandments. These become foundational upon which God will set forth the rest (603) of His commandments in the Law of Moses (613 total commandments). But in the midst of God’s great display upon the mountain, the people become very afraid and asks Moses to relay God’s words to them.
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